日批在线视频_内射毛片内射国产夫妻_亚洲三级小视频_在线观看亚洲大片短视频_女性向h片资源在线观看_亚洲最大网

US EUROPE AFRICA ASIA 中文
Business / View

BRICS must go for a 'Rio Consensus'

By Kevin P. Gallagher (China Daily) Updated: 2014-07-15 07:20

Conveniently scheduled at the end of the World Cup, the sixth BRICS summit presents the leaders of five emerging economies a truly historic opportunity, not least because it is likely to see the establishment of a new development bank and reserve currency pool arrangement.

This move could strike a true trifecta - recharge global economic governance and the prospects for development, as well as pressure the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund to get back on the right track.

The two Bretton Woods institutions, both headquartered in Washington, originally and with good reason put financial stability, employment and development as their core missions. That focus, however, became derailed in the last quarter of the 20th century. During the 1980s and 1990s, the World Bank and the IMF pushed the "Washington Consensus", which offered countries financing but conditioned it on a doctrine of deregulation.

With the benefit of hindsight, the era of the Washington Consensus is seen as a painful one. It inflicted significant economic and political damage on the developing world. Worse, the operations of the World Bank and the IMF are perceived as rigged against emerging and developing economies. The unwritten rule that the head of the IMF is always a European and the World Bank chief always an American is only a superficial but no less grating public expression of that.

Worse still is the fact that the voting structure of both institutions is skewed toward industrialized countries - and grants the United States veto power to boot. It wasn't always that way. As Eric Helleiner shows in one of his two new books, Forgotten Foundations of Bretton Woods: International Development and the Making of the Postwar Order, China, Brazil, India and other countries wanted development goals to remain a core part of the Bretton Woods institutions. Some of their proposals eventually made it into the policy mix of the World Bank and the IMF, including short-term financing, capital controls and policy space for industrial policy.

BRICS must go for a 'Rio Consensus' BRICS must go for a 'Rio Consensus'
Shanghai most likely headquarters for BRICS development bank World Bank head says new entrants 'will be welcome' 

Previous Page 1 2 Next Page

Hot Topics

Editor's Picks
...
...
主站蜘蛛池模板: 国产日韩欧美 | 人人澡人人看 | 欧美亚洲视频 | 日本三日本三级少妇三级66 | 欧美视频在线免费 | 天堂a在线 | 青娱乐av | 欧美日韩在线精品 | 欧美福利视频在线观看 | 最新国产一区 | 麻豆一区二区三区 | 三级毛毛片 | 超碰在线公开 | 国产亚洲精品成人 | 99久久久久成人国产免费 | 国产精品一区二区三区不卡 | 午夜国产福利 | 国产精品久久久久久精 | 中文字幕在线视频播放 | 色啪网| 亚洲专区欧美 | 国产视频在线一区二区 | 天天爽夜夜爽 | 久久久久久久免费 | 成年人免费看片 | 97视频免费在线观看 | av国产免费 | 久久久免费av | 久久三级 | 中文字幕在线观看不卡 | 亚洲激情欧美 | 天天干天天谢 | av婷婷在线| 日本久久网站 | 日韩成人福利 | 成人va视频 | 精品视频99 | 日本精品视频 | 日本免费网站视频 | 香蕉在线观看视频 | 日韩在线免费观看视频 |