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Need for reshaping academic structure

By Yang Xianjin | China Daily | Updated: 2026-03-05 07:51
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SHI YU/CHINA DAILY

As global competition in science and technology intensifies and the latest round of technological revolution accelerates, higher education is becoming a crucial force in shaping a nation's long-term innovation capability.

The arrangement of disciplines at a university is no longer merely a technical issue affecting the university's own development but a strategic choice having a bearing on the country's future competitive advantage.

During the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30) period, universities in China face a shared challenge to their long-established structure.

Nowadays, cross-disciplinary collaboration plays a major role in enabling technological innovation, which is becoming more and more mission-driven. For example, developments in cutting-edge fields such as synthetic biology, brain-computer interfaces and intelligent manufacturing show that major technological breakthroughs are no longer confined to traditional disciplines; they often emerge at the intersection of various knowledge systems, including engineering, computing, materials science and biology.

Also, in some major scientific projects, research is no longer confined to a certain college. Instead, different disciplines are being rearranged and integrated to address specific problems.

Teachers and students from different academic backgrounds temporarily come together and take on dynamic tasks, collaborating with each other to advance research. This problem-centered approach thus transforms a discipline from a "static unit" into a "reconfigurable module".

The development of higher education has always served China's modernization drive. The 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30) period is a crucial stage for the country to lay a solid foundation and build momentum for its development of new quality productive forces. Therefore, universities which continue to follow the traditional academic approach will likely find it difficult to respond to the changing trend in industries, science and technology.

It's necessary for universities to review and redesign their academic structure with an eye on the future to meet the need of national strategies.

After years of development, Chinese universities have formed a relatively complete disciplinary system. Yet what matters nowadays is no longer whether a university has certain disciplines, but whether the disciplines are strong, of high quality, and able to support future-oriented innovation.

During the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30) period, the universities need to make plans for their disciplines according to key scientific issues and important technological trajectories.

They should build discipline clusters and cross-disciplinary platforms to enhance collaboration between different disciplines, and avoid fragmenting resources and making unnecessary investment. They should continue to readjust their academic structure according to the country's needs and the evolution of technologies.

During the readjustment process, which is problem — and mission-driven, students no longer progress step by step along a predetermined curriculum system. Instead, they engage in real scientific research at an early stage. They learn, train and innovate while trying to solve real-world problems with the support of different courses, research tasks and engineering projects. Successful readjustment calls for a more flexible mechanism to allow for the free and dynamic allocation of talents, and financial and material resources.

Also, faculty evaluation should be reformed to provide stable expectations for researchers who engage in long-term, interdisciplinary innovation projects. This way, researchers will be motivated to continue with such projects, and the integration of different disciplines will lead to true capabilities for innovation.

Take Tianjin University as an example. In basic research, the university insists on combining "free exploration" with "organized research", and supports scientists leading young researchers in conducting high-risk and original research.

The university has adopted a flexible evaluation mechanism, encouraging researchers to explore boldly, tolerating failure and creating a liberal environment which facilitates breakthroughs in basic research.

Readjustment of disciplines is not a topic exclusive to science and engineering. Universities could also break down boundaries of disciplines in the humanities and social sciences by combining traditional research subjects with modern methods and real-world issues, better contributing to society's development.

The development of disciplines, whether in science, technology, the humanities or social sciences, is no longer just an academic arrangement within universities but an important part of China's efforts to advance innovation.

During the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30) period, Chinese universities' ability to shape certainty amid uncertainty, or their ability to continuously readjust and optimize their academic structure according to future needs, will be tested.

Only by making future-oriented plans can the universities truly utilize their advantages in education, technology and talents to contribute to China's growth.

The author is a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress and Party chief of Tianjin University.

The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

If you have a specific expertise, or would like to share your thought about our stories, then send us your writings at opinion@chinadaily.com.cn, and comment@chinadaily.com.cn.

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