File photo taken on Sept. 23, 2011 shows Chinese Pharmacologist Tu Youyou posing with her trophy after winning the Lasker Award, a prestigious US award, in New York, the United States.[Photo/Xinhua]

Latest winners of Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

2015: Tu Youyou (China), William Campbell (Ireland), and Satoshi Omura (Japan);

2014: John O'Keefe (US), May-Britt Moser (Norway), Edvard Moser (Norway);

2013: James E. Rothman (US), Randy W. Schekman (US), Thomas C. Sudhof (Germany);

2012: John B. Gurdon (Britain), Shinya Yamanaka (Japan);

2011: Bruce A. Beutler (US), Jules A. Hoffmann (Luxembourg and France), Ralph M. Steinman (Canada and US);

2010: Robert G. Edwards (Britain);

2009: Elizabeth H. Blackburn (US and Australia), Carol W. Greider (US), Jack W. Szostak (US);

2008: Harald zur Haussen (Germany), Francoise Barre-Sinoussi (France), Luc Montagnier (France);

2007: Mario Capecchi (US), Oliver Smithies (US), Martin Evans (Britain);

2006: Andrew Z. Fire (US), Craig C. Mello (US);

2005: Barry J. Marshall (Australia), J. Robin Warren (Australia).