The Shiite alliance nominated a tough-talking Shiite politician, Jawad
al-Maliki, as prime minister Friday in a move that breaks the long impasse over
forming a new government aimed at pulling Iraq out of its sectarian strife.
Jawad al-Maliki,
spokesman for the Dawa party speaks to journalists Thursday April 20, 2006
in Baghdad, Iraq. Shiite politicians agreed Friday to nominate al-Maliki
as prime minister, replacing the incumbent in a bid to clear the way for a
long-delayed new government, two Shiite officials said.
[AP] |
Al-Maliki replaces outgoing Prime Minister Ibrahim al-Jaafari, whose attempt
to stay for a second term had raised sharp opposition from Sunni Arab and
Kurdish leaders and caused a deadlock that lasted months as the country's
security crisis worsened in the wake of last December's election.
Sunni and Kurdish politicians signaled they would accept al-Maliki — a close
ally of al-Jaafari in the Shiite Dawa Party — clearing the way for parliament on
Saturday to elect top leadership positions, including the president, and launch
the process of putting together a government.
U.S. and Iraqi officials are hoping that a national unity government
representing Shiites, Sunnis and Kurds will be able to quell both the Sunni-led
insurgency and bloody Shiite-Sunni violence that has raged during the political
uncertainty. If it succeeds, it could enable the U.S. to begin bringing home its
133,000 troops.
White House spokesman Scott McClellan said the Bush administration is hopeful
that the latest political developments in Iraq will lead to significant progress
in forming a permanent government.
"We hope to see good progress in the coming days," McClellan told reporters
traveling with President Bush to California. "We'll be watching."
Violence continued Friday with at least 21 people killed, including six in a
car bombing in Tal Afar and six off-duty Iraqi soldiers slain in Beiji, police
said. The U.S. military announced that a Marine was fatally injured in combat
Thursday in Anbar province.
Al-Maliki has a reputation as a hardline, outspoken defender of the Shiite
stance — raising questions over whether he will be able to negotiate the
delicate sectarian balancing act.
From exile in Syria in the 1980s and 1990s, he directed Dawa guerrillas
fighting Saddam Hussein's regime. Since returning home after Saddam's fall, he
has been a prominent member of the commission purging former Baath Party
officials from the military and government. Sunni Arabs, who made up the
backbone of Saddam's ousted party, deeply resent the commission.
Al-Maliki was also a tough negotiator in drawn-out deliberations over a new
constitution that was passed last year despite Sunni Arab objections. He
resisted U.S. efforts to put more Sunnis on the drafting committee as well as
Sunni efforts to water down provisions giving Shiites and Kurds the power to
form semiautonomous mini-states in the north and south.
In talks Friday, the largest party in the seven-member Shiite alliance — the
Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq — initially pushed for the
nomination of another Dawa party leader, Ali al-Adeeb, seen as more moderate and
less likely to alienate Sunnis.
But Dawa insisted on al-Maliki, who is closer to al-Jaafari. Al-Adeeb, who
spent part of his 20-year exile in Iran, was said to have frequent conflicts
with al-Jaafari.
SCIRI backed off as Sunnis and Kurds said they could accept al-Maliki,
apparently out of eagerness to end the political deadlock as long as al-Jaafari
was out of the picture.
"If anyone is nominated except al-Jaafari, we won't put any obstacles in his
way. He will receive our support," Adnan al-Dulaimi, head of the main Sunni Arab
coalition in parliament, told The Associated Press.
Saleh al-Mutlaq, a leading Sunni politician who was also in the
constitutional drafting committee, said al-Maliki is "firmer and a much more
insistent" person than al-Jaafari. But he said that despite his toughness,
al-Maliki was "practical" and more flexible.
"I think if al-Maliki worked hard to get rid of his Baath party complexes, he
will succeed," al-Mutlaq said.
Sunnis and Kurds had blamed the rise of sectarian tensions on al-Jaafari for
failing to rein in Shiite militias and Interior Ministry commandos, accused by
the Sunnis of harboring death squads. Those parties refused to join any
government headed by al-Jaafari.
Al-Jaafari, who has served as prime minister since April 2005, was nominated
by the alliance for a second term in February by a one-vote margin, relying on
support from radical, anti-American cleric Muqtada al-Sadr.
Since then, al-Jaafari had stalwartly rejected pressure to give up the post,
until Iraq's most powerful Shiite cleric, Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, sent
word that he should go. On Thursday, al-Jaafari gave the alliance the go-ahead
to pick a new nominee.
With the deal on al-Maliki, Shiite, Sunni and Kurdish parties were set to
fill the other top posts of government in a parliament vote expected Saturday,
said Humam Hammoudi, the spokesman for the Shiite alliance.
Shiite lawmaker Ridha Jawad Taqi said all sides were agreed on a package deal
for the top spots: Jalal Talabani, a Kurd, would remain as president for a
second term, with Sunni Arab Tariq al-Hashimi and Shiite Adil Abdul-Mahdi
holding the two vice-president spots.
Mahmoud al-Mashhadani, a Sunni, would become parliament speaker with two
deputies — Khalid al-Attiyah, a Shiite, and Aref Tayfour, a Kurd.
The new prime minister nominee will now face the task of putting together a
national unity government, meaning divvying up the ministries among Shiite,
Sunni and Kurdish parties.
One source of conflict is likely to be the powerful Interior Ministry, which
currently held by SCIRI. Sunnis will probably push for a change and demand the
uprooting of Shiite militias from the ministry's security forces.
Once the president is approved by parliament, he will designate al-Maliki to
form a government within 30 days. Lawmakers must then approve each member of the
government by a majority vote.
Politicians will then face another tough fight over amendments to the
constitution that Sunni Arabs plan to pursue.
Al-Maliki — whose real name is Nouri Kamel al-Maliki but took the name Jawad
while in exile — fled Iraq in 1980, when Saddam's regime launched a crackdown on
the Dawa Party, then a leading Shiite opposition movement.
He went first to Iran, then left for Syria along with al-Jaafari in the
mid-1980s after the party split between a pro-Iran faction and those who refused
to join the Iranian army to fight against the Iraqi army.
While in Syria, al-Maliki was in charge of the "Jihad Office," a branch
responsible for directing activists and guerrillas inside
Iraq.