Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe headed to Washington on Thursday with a massive investment package for Donald Trump, possibly designed to inoculate his country against presidential criticism.

Abe will dangle proposals linked to the creation of hundreds of thousands of jobs in the United States, ranging from high-speed rail projects to private cash from Japanese companies.

Their White House summit on Friday will be followed by a game of golf at Trump's palatial vacation estate in Florida, as the two men look to forge a personal relationship commensurate with their countries' national relations.

Boosting employment in the US has been a key pillar of Trump's economic nationalism and his pledge to "Make America Great Again", a promise that often comes at the expense of other countries.

Japan has not been spared Trump's trademark assaults in which he has claimed the US has been the patsy of predatory foreign economies, which he said are "killing us".

Trump has singled out Toyota over a plan for a Mexican factory, said US automakers face discrimination in Japan and accused Tokyo of devaluing the yen for trade advantage.

Abe, deeply aware of Japan's dependence on the US for both national security and as a key trade partner, rushed to meet Trump in New York shortly after his November election.

On that occasion he presented the property tycoon with a $4,500 golf club, but for this week's formal get-together the stakes are higher and the gift much bigger.

700,000 jobs

Reports in the Japanese press suggest the "Japan-US Growth and Employment Initiative" could help to create 700,000 jobs through Japanese investment in US infrastructure and aims to create new markets worth $450 billion over the next decade.

Takashi Kawakami, professor of international politics at Takushoku University in Tokyo, said Abe is going to have to walk a fine line in trying to please the US president while standing up for his own industries.

"Trump is unpredictable and may make tough requests in exchange for favorable treatment, like in a business deal. Abe has to insist on what he has to insist on, including trade and foreign exchange issues," he said.