Kyoto Gion Festival（日本京都祗園祭）
[ 2007-07-23 11:36 ]
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 The ancient capital of Japan, Kyoto （京都） is taken
back in time during the Gion festival （祗園祭） by Yasaka shrine (八阪神社, gion
was the old name of this shrine.) Gion festival is one of the biggest
festivals in Japan.
This Japanese festival begins July 1st and lasts until July 31st. At
this time, there are many street vendors with games and Japanese festival
food. Also, many people who go to this festival wear yukata (浴衣) and geta
（木屐）, which are traditional Japanese outfits. It is said that the summer
of Kyoto begins with the Gion Matsuri （祗園祭）. It is a traditional summer
festivity.
Gion festival was started in 869 A.D when a bad plague （瘟疫） spread
through Kyoto. In the first festival, young men carried numbers of wooden
floats. It was a divine intervention to stop the plague. The plague soon
ended, and this event became a popular festival. In the Edo Era （江戶時(shí)代）,
the current form of the decorated floats appeared in the festival.
There are many events held during this festival, but the highlights are
Yoi-yama （宵山祭） on the 16th and Yamahoko-junko （山牟巡行） on the 17th. At
Yoi-yama, people open the doors of their houses to show their treasured
old folding screens. Yamahoko-junko is the parade of colorful floats （彩車）
through downtown Kyoto. The floats are pulled through the streets by teams
of men dressed in traditional costumes. Each of the large floats carries
musicians.
There are two kinds of floats: yama （山） and hook （牟）. Yama are smaller
floats (weight: 1.2 ton - 1.6 ton, height: about 6m) and carried by people
on their shoulders. Hoko are giant floats (weight: 4.8 ton - 12 ton,
height: about 25m) on large wooden wheels and pulled by people. There are
32 floats in the parade: 25 yama floats and 7 hoko floats.
The floats are decorated with tapestries or fabrics from Nishijin （西陣）,
Kyoto. Many of them were imported from India, Belgium, Persia, Turkey and
other countries in the 15th century.
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