 | | Janelle Kanovich, 22, of Harrisburg, Pa., drinks tequila out of the bottle. |
An estimated 1,400 college students are killed every year in alcohol-related accidents, according to a study released Tuesday that researchers call the most comprehensive look ever at the consequences of student drinking."Half the World Trade Center casualties are happening every year in our colleges," said one researcher, Mark Goldman, a psychology professor at the University of South Florida. The researchers say the figures show that college drinking needs to be seen as a major health concern. The study supported by the federally estimated that drinking by college students contributes to 500,000 injuries and 70,000 cases of sexual assault or date rape. Also, 400,000 students between 18 and 24 years old reported having had unprotected sex as a result of drinking. The study does not say whether the problems are increasing or decreasing. A Harvard School of Public Health survey released last month reported that more students are abstaining from alcohol, but levels of binge drinking having at least four or five drinks at a sitting are the same as in the early 1990s. Motor vehicle fatalities were the most common form of alcohol-related deaths. The statistics included college students killed in car accidents if the students had alcohol in their blood, even if the level was below the legal limit. Students who died in other alcohol-related accidents, such as falls and drownings, were included. Those who died as a result of homicides or suicides were not. Goldman said general messages warning of the dangers of alcohol do not appear to be effective with college students, at least by themselves. What's more effective is teaching students how to resist peer pressure. "Many of the students don't want to do it, but they don't know how to say no," he said. Communities and colleges need to work together as well to prevent underage drinking and limit the number of stores that sell alcohol, he said. "The university can't do them by themselves because even if they did effective things, it might just squeeze it off into the community," Goldman said. (Agencies) | 日前，美國(guó)的調(diào)查人員針對(duì)美國(guó)大學(xué)生飲酒造成的后果進(jìn)行了一次深入徹底的調(diào)查。調(diào)查結(jié)果于4月10日公布，結(jié)果表明美國(guó)每年有大約1400名大學(xué)生死于"酒精事故"。 其中的一名研究人員，南佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)的心理學(xué)教授馬克·戈?duì)柕侣f(shuō)："我們大學(xué)里每年因飲酒過(guò)量而導(dǎo)致的死亡人數(shù)已經(jīng)達(dá)到9·11事件中世貿(mào)中心里死亡人數(shù)的一半。" 參加調(diào)查的人員普遍認(rèn)為，這個(gè)結(jié)果說(shuō)明大學(xué)生酗酒已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)值得重視的的健康問(wèn)題了。 這個(gè)由美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府贊助的調(diào)查小組稱(chēng)，大學(xué)生酗酒已經(jīng)造成50萬(wàn)起傷亡事故和7萬(wàn)起性騷擾和強(qiáng)奸事件的發(fā)生。此外由于酒后失控，有40萬(wàn)名年齡在18至24歲的學(xué)生在沒(méi)有任何安全措施的情況下發(fā)生過(guò)性行為。 這項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果并沒(méi)有說(shuō)明這樣的狀況是否得到了改善或者正在進(jìn)一步惡化。哈佛大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院上個(gè)月的一份調(diào)查報(bào)告表明，已經(jīng)有越來(lái)越多的學(xué)生主動(dòng)戒絕飲酒，但是另一方面學(xué)生們?cè)诰蹠?huì)時(shí)的飲酒量卻仍不見(jiàn)減少，還像20世紀(jì)90年代初一樣一飲便是4、5杯。 酗酒后最常導(dǎo)致的惡果就是交通事故引起的死亡。統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字表明因酒后駕車(chē)導(dǎo)致車(chē)禍而死亡的大學(xué)生中不僅包括酒精含量超標(biāo)的人，甚至還包括了那些血液中酒精含量低于法定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的人。 此外，飲酒過(guò)量所導(dǎo)致的諸如摔跤和溺水等事故也包括在以上列舉的數(shù)字之內(nèi)，但是兇殺或者自殺事件則沒(méi)有包括在內(nèi)。 戈?duì)柕侣淌谡f(shuō)，如果對(duì)這些學(xué)生只給予一般性的警告根本不起任何作用，至少靠他們自己是不會(huì)見(jiàn)效的。有效的方法是教會(huì)學(xué)生們懂得去拒絕。 他說(shuō)："他們中有很多人并不想這樣濫飲，但是他們卻不知道如何去拒絕別人的邀請(qǐng)。" 他說(shuō)，為了防止年輕人過(guò)量飲酒和未成年人酗酒，社會(huì)應(yīng)當(dāng)和學(xué)校配合起來(lái)限制出售酒精飲品商店的數(shù)量。 戈?duì)柕侣f(shuō)："學(xué)校單方面行動(dòng)是不夠的，因?yàn)榧词箤W(xué)校采取了有效的措施，如果社會(huì)不予以配合，他們還是可能會(huì)鉆社會(huì)的空子的。" (中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)站譯) |
Updated: 2002-04-12 01:00
