In October 2004, the two sides signed a joint statement and approved the guidelines for implementing the Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation, which stipulated that the two countries would launch a "Year of Russia" in China in 2006 and a "Year of China" in Russia in 2007.

In June 2005, China and Russia exchanged the ratification of the Supplementary Agreement on the Eastern Section of the China-Russia Boundary Line, ending border problems between the two countries.

In June 2009, the two countries signed a joint statement and approved the program for China-Russia investment cooperation planning.

In September 2009, China and Russia approved a 10-year program on planning for regional cooperation between China's northeastern region and Russia's far east and eastern Siberia region.

In September 2010, the two sides signed the China-Russia joint statement on comprehensively deepening strategic partnership of coordination, and also published a joint statement on the 65th anniversary of the end of World War II.

In June 2011, the two countries issued a joint statement on a broad range of key international issues.

In 2012, Putin included China in his first overseas trip after assuming the Russian presidency again.

In March 2013, Xi, as China's head of state, chose Moscow as the first stop of his overseas visit.

During the past two years, the two heads of state have met nearly 10 times, reaching a series of important consensus on bilateral cooperation in all areas.