日批在线视频_内射毛片内射国产夫妻_亚洲三级小视频_在线观看亚洲大片短视频_女性向h片资源在线观看_亚洲最大网

US EUROPE AFRICA ASIA 中文
Business / Opinion

PPP game loaded with meaning

By Dan Steinbock (China Daily) Updated: 2014-05-08 07:11

Then, there is the issue of size. When Britain industrialized and its urbanization rate exceeded 50 percent, the size of its population was barely 30 million. The US achieved that rate in the 1910s, when its population was barely 100 million. In contrast, when China achieved a comparable rate in 2011, its population was 1.3 billion.

Also, industrialization and urbanization tend to go hand in hand with unbalanced development and income polarization. Moreover, when the UK and the US industrialized, per capita income differences were not as steep across and within countries as they are today.

PPP game loaded with meaning

PPP game loaded with meaning 
Because of its population, regional divergence has been particularly steep in China. In 2013, per capita GDP (PPP) was $21,400-$23,300 in Tianjin, Beijing, and Shanghai, less than $8,000 in Sichuan, Jiangxi and Anhui provinces, and less than $6,000 in Yunnan, Gansu and Guizhou provinces.

In other words, per capita income (PPP) in the poorest Chinese administrative regions is 25-30 percent relative to the more prosperous provinces and regions. That ratio, in turn, is comparable to one between the overall living standards in China relative to the US, the EU and Japan.

If it is misguided to compare entire economies on the basis of PPP and Chinese living standards remain a fraction of those in advanced economies, why are PPP figures used to compare economies?

First, the practice may be misguided, but is very much in self-interest. Take, for instance, climate change. In advanced economies, climate change is often defined in terms of aggregate economies, which downplays the fact that, on a per capita basis, advanced economies are causing much more pollution.

Second, misguided comparisons steer attention away from absolute and relative poverty in emerging economies. The World Bank measures international poverty by $1.25 (7.81 yuan) per day, which is not enough for a single meal in China, not to speak of housing or other expenditures.

Perhaps there is something inherently outrageous in major advanced economies to be increasingly concerned about poor countries becoming too prosperous, but not about rich countries being too wealthy-or too pricey even for their own good?

The author is research director of International Business at India China and America Institute (USA) and visiting fellow at Shanghai Institutes for International Studies (China) and the EU Center (Singapore).

Previous Page 1 2 Next Page

Hot Topics

Editor's Picks
...
...
主站蜘蛛池模板: 激情第一页| 国产高清露脸 | 国产激情综合 | 在线播放日韩 | 69色视频| 天天拍天天干 | 天天摸天天干天天操 | 欧美午夜网站 | 国产,日韩,欧美 | 超碰男人| 欧美色图一区 | 丁香久久婷婷 | 日韩欧美国产一区二区三区 | 男人视频网 | 免费国产精品视频 | 国产又粗又大又爽 | 国产激情免费 | 99国产精品99久久久久久粉嫩 | 国产sm在线观看 | 日韩精品影视 | 啪啪福利社 | 亚洲精品xxx| av一区三区 | 免费播放毛片 | 成人一区二区视频 | 国产在线观看免费网站 | 天天插天天舔 | 国产一区二区三区免费看 | 亚洲最大激情网 | 日日干日日插 | 亚洲视频观看 | 亚洲第一色站 | 国产99在线 | 成人免费超碰 | 亚洲性激情 | 中文字幕在线观看视频网站 | 精品视频专区 | 精品一区视频 | 欧洲av一区| 伊人中文字幕 | 91破解版在线观看 |