日批在线视频_内射毛片内射国产夫妻_亚洲三级小视频_在线观看亚洲大片短视频_女性向h片资源在线观看_亚洲最大网

US EUROPE AFRICA ASIA 中文
Business / Economy

Li pledges measures in fight for clean air

By Wu Wencong, Tang Yue and Zhang Chunyan (China Daily) Updated: 2013-01-16 02:00

Problems old and new

"Beijing suffers from both London's old problem (coal-fired power stations) and London's new pollution problem (traffic)," said Frank Kelly, professor of environmental health at London University's King's College.

"To improve air quality, the Chinese authorities will need to tackle both of these problems."

Li pledges measures in fight for clean air

The skyline of Los Angeles obscured by a heavy layer of smog and fog on July 15, 2003. Provided to China Daily

During London's four-day Great Smog, "people who set off in their cars in what should have been daylight had to abandon them and walk, while buses gave up and crawled back to their depots in a nose-to-tail convoy", the Daily Telegraph reported at the time.

On July 26, 1943, a pall of smoke and fumes descended on downtown Los Angeles, cutting visibility to three blocks.

Because the "gas attack" hit in the middle of a heat wave, the atmosphere was close to unbearable, leaving residents with severely sore throats and stinging eyes, according to reports in the Los Angeles Times.

In 1953, heavy November smog in New York killed between 170 and 260 people. Meanwhile, in 1954, similarly severe conditions resulted in the temporary closure of businesses and schools in Los Angeles for most of October.

Li pledges measures in fight for clean air
Heavy smog in London's Piccadilly Circus in December 1952. Provided to China Daily

The incidents triggered a series of strict, detailed laws and regulations designed to combat air pollution.

London’s great smog led to the enactment of the first piece of legislation to specifically target air pollution in the world, the Clean Air Act of 1956, which was later amended and extended by the 1968 Clean Air Act.

The acts regulated the burning of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, and increased the height of new industrial chimneys, that had not been included in previous legislation.

The efforts made by the UK government and residents were finally rewarded when the number of foggy days in London was reduced from several dozen per annum to 15 in 1975, further improving to just five days per year in 1980.

Meanwhile, the US has improved air quality by instigating strict emission standards on power plants, factories and automobiles.

The heavy smog in Beijing during the past few days has not only prompted heated discussion about comparisons between the three Western cities and the Chinese capital, but also led the public to ask questions such as, “What can we learn from the experiences of London and LA in tackling pollution”. More directly people have asked, “Do we stand a chance of seeing the end of incidents such as these?”

Complicated situation

Experts said the intensity of pollution China faces today is not as severe as the US and UK experienced previously, but the scale is much larger and the causes are far more complicated.

When the developed countries tackled air pollution caused by burning coal, industrial pollution was not a major problem, and therefore they could deal with the problem incrementally, said Ming Dengli, head of the international cooperation office at the Beijing environmental bureau.

The battle against PM2.5 and ozone pollution started at a very late stage in the process.

However, Beijing’s air pollution is characterized by a combination of coal-fired pollution, industrial pollution, motor vehicle emissions and dust, which have emerged almost simultaneously, he said.

“In the case of Beijing, the government has done almost everything that can be done, but with air pollution being a regional issue, there is no chance that the capital can make any significant changes in just a few days,” said Zhang Lei, an associate professor focusing on studies into environmental policies at the School of Environment and Natural Resources at Renmin University of China.

However, she insisted that there are still lessons to be learned from the experiences of other cities, the first being effective implementation of the relevant laws.

It took London about 20 years to lose the nickname “The City of Fog” following the enactment of the Clean Air Act 1956. By comparison, China is still facing severe smog and haze 40 years after the introduction of relevant laws.

Hot Topics

Editor's Picks
...
主站蜘蛛池模板: 国产黄毛片| 麻豆av在线播放 | 欧美国产三级 | 亚洲一区欧美二区 | 在线三级av | 97成人精品 | 日日干夜夜艹 | 毛片.com | 欧美一区二区三区在线视频 | 日韩h视频| 可以免费在线观看的av | 欧美激情亚洲综合 | 久久久久久中文字幕 | 色接久久| 国产一区二区不卡在线 | 亚洲一区在线免费观看 | 日韩国产欧美精品 | 99免费在线 | 91丨porny丨露出 | 亚洲一区二区三区视频在线 | 久操色| 亚洲天堂免费在线 | 人人干人人草 | a级黄色免费视频 | 狠狠操五月天 | 少妇操bb| 亚洲欧美日本一区 | zjzjzjzjzj亚洲女人 | av在线免费网址 | 国产成人8x视频一区二区 | 一区二区在线免费观看视频 | 日本一区二区三区四区视频 | 午夜草草 | 国产精品国产三级国产aⅴ中文 | 亚洲激情婷婷 | 免费爱爱视频 | 天天撸视频 | 你懂的在线网站 | 一区二区不卡 | 波多野吉衣一区二区三区 | 在线看日韩av |