After being sworn in for his term as US president amid the threat of a national economic collapse, Barack Obama laid out new strategies for development, including doubling US exports in five years. To achieve its goals, the US revitalized its manufacturing industry and expanded its export avenues. And with the Doha Round of trade talks remaining inconclusive even after 10 years, the US proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership to promote regional trade liberalization and seek development opportunities.

As secretary of state during Obama's first term as president, Hillary Clinton tried to sign free trade agreements and promote TPP talks with the US' Asian partners by initiating the "pivot to Asia" policy, which seemingly is aimed at containing China.

A development in 2012, however, indicated a shift in US policy. The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership launched last year has - apart from the 10 ASEAN states - China, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Australia, New Zealand and India as its members. In geo-economics terms, the US cannot be part of the RCEP. And in terms of strategy, the RCEP is supposed to be a "counterbalance" to the US. This prompted Clinton to announce that China, too, was welcomed to TPP talks, signifying the US' policy shift.