Agricultural cooperation is an important area for advancing pragmatic cooperation between China and Russia. Yet their agricultural cooperation lags far behind their industrial cooperation and their political and cultural interactions. To strengthen bilateral relations, deepen economic and trade cooperation, and promote interactive development of the border regions, China and Russia need to strengthen agricultural cooperation.

In fact, both governments have shown their support for agricultural cooperation.

In September 2009, the leaders of China and Russia approved a cooperative guideline for Northeast China and the Far East and East Siberia regions of Russia, emphasizing agriculture is the priority investment field and encouraging investments in agricultural technological cooperation and the construction of cooperative grain plants and other modern agricultural operations.