First, learn Chinese. Even if you read a lot about China or live in China, you won't understand the society and the interaction around you because of the language barrier, and the language itself is part of the culture.

Second, it depends what area you most want to understand. So, pick a field and read related books. I am looking for students with a passion for Chinese studies. Only with passion will you overcome barriers, such as the language. I was older than 20 when I first tried to learn Chinese, but I liked it so much, I made it.

Guy S. Alitto professor of history at the University of Chicago