BEIJING -- On the afternoon of April 25, the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held its 20th group study session, which focused on strengthening the development and regulation of artificial intelligence (AI). While presiding over the session, Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, said in the face of the rapid evolution of new-generation AI technologies, China must fully leverage the strengths of the new system for mobilizing the resources nationwide, achieve self-reliance and strength in this regard, and prioritize practical application so as to promote the healthy and orderly development of AI in the country in a beneficial, safe and fair manner.

Zheng Nanning, a professor with Xi'an Jiaotong University, made a presentation and put forward suggestions. Members of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee listened attentively to the presentation and held discussions.

After hearing to the presentation and discussions, Xi delivered an important speech, emphasizing that AI, as a strategic technology leading the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, is profoundly reshaping people's work and life. The CPC Central Committee attaches great importance to the development of AI. In recent years, efforts have been made to improve top-level design and strengthen overall planning, achieving systematic and comprehensive advancement of China's AI capabilities. At the same time, deficiencies and weaknesses exist in areas such as basic theories and core technologies in key fields. Xi stressed the need to face up to the gaps and redouble efforts in order to comprehensively advance technological innovation, industrial development, and application empowerment in AI, improve regulatory systems and mechanisms, and firmly maintain the initiative in AI development and governance.

Xi stressed that to gain a head start and secure a competitive edge in AI, it is a must to achieve breakthroughs in basic theories, methodologies and tools. He called for concentrated efforts on basic research, integrated endeavors for breakthroughs in core technologies such as high-end chips and basic software, as well as building a basic AI software and hardware system that is autonomous, controllable and functioning collaboratively. By leveraging AI to drive the transformation of scientific research paradigms, we can speed up achieving breakthroughs in scientific and technological innovation in all sectors.

Xi noted that China has abundant data resources, a complete industrial system, vast application scenarios and huge market potential. He stressed the need to promote the deep integration of AI scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, build an enterprise-led synergistic innovation ecosystem that incorporates industries, universities, research institutes and end users, facilitate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and open up new arenas in developing strategic emerging industries and future-oriented industries. He called for coordinated efforts to advance the construction of computing power infrastructure and promote the development, utilization and open sharing of data resources.

Xi emphasized that strong policy support is essential for the development of AI, a new technology and emerging field. He urged solid efforts to make integrated use of policies concerning intellectual property rights, fiscal and taxation incentives, government procurement, and the opening up of infrastructure, as well as better leverage the role of sci-tech financing. Efforts should be made to promote AI education across all academic stages and enhance public awareness across society to cultivate a steady stream of high-caliber personnel. It is necessary to improve mechanisms for AI research support, career development and talent evaluation, and to create platforms and favorable conditions for all types of talent to fully display their capabilities.

Xi noted that while AI presents unprecedented development opportunities, it also brings risks and challenges not seen before. He urged efforts to grasp the trends and regularity of AI development, accelerate formulation and improvement of laws and regulations, policies and systems, application norms and ethical guidelines, and establish systems for technical monitoring, early risk warning and emergency response, in a bid to guarantee its safety, reliability and controllability.

Xi highlighted AI as a global public good capable of benefiting the humanity. He called for extensive international cooperation on AI, as well as endeavors to help the Global South enhance its technological capacity building, and contribute China's effort in the drive to bridge the global AI divide. He also encouraged efforts to engage all parties for further alignment and coordination of development strategies, governance rules as well as technical standards, and work toward an early formation of a consensus-based framework and standards for global governance.