Stone carvings, brick carvings and wood carvings, collectively referred to as the "three carvings" in Huizhou, have been integral components of Huizhou's architecture since the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Different types of carving work in coordination and are used in different parts of buildings, giving rise to the elegant, exquisite decor for which Huizhou architecture is known, says Chen Zheng, deputy secretary-general of Huangshan Intangible Cultural Heritage Research Association.

The historical buildings are often found nestled in mountainous areas. Residential buildings, one of the most important typologies, are enclosed by walls and look simple from the outside, but inside, they are open, spacious and intricately decorated.

Chen says that the popularity of the "three carvings" is closely related to the rise of Huizhou's merchants, a class reputed for their honesty and morality during the Ming and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties.