Cave temple cultural relics consist of a variety of types, such as cave architecture, cliffside sculptures, niches and murals. In China, the Mogao Grottoes, Dazu Rock Carvings, Yungang Grottoes and Longmen Grottoes, all of which are listed as UNESCO World Heritage sites, are examples of cave temple complexes.

However, increases in extreme weather events and unpredictable climatic conditions, the result of climate change, are challenging efforts to preserve cave temples globally. Therefore, experts in this field believe that international cooperation and exchanges are particularly necessary for the conservation of cave temples, which involves a comprehensive endeavor that spans multiple disciplines of research and technology.

This is the first conference focusing on connections between climate and grotto conservation. Cultural heritage experts provided valuable insights, and exchanged ideas and practical examples, as well as worked together to promote cave preservation, said Mario Santana Quintero, secretary general of the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS).